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A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion. This is typically done by bending or twisting the head or upper body into abnormal positions. Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain, while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may cause severe ligament damage or damage to the vertebrae, and possibly result in serious spinal cord injury, strokes, or death. Spinal locks and cervical locks are forbidden from Brazilian Jiu Jitsu,〔http://ibjjf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/RulesIBJJF_v4_en-US.pdf〕 amateur MMA,〔http://www.abcboxing.com/ABC%20Amateur%20MMA%20Unified%20Rules.pdf〕〔http://www.abcboxing.com/committee_unified_mma_rules.html〕 multiple forms of no Gi Jiu Jitsu,〔http://ibjjf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/RulesIBJJF_v4_en-US.pdf〕 Judo,〔http://www.intjudo.eu/editor_up/up/IJF%20REF%20RULES_Final%20print%20vers_2011-12_ENG_Final_amended.pdf〕 and other martial arts.〔https://www.usgrappling.com/rules/〕 Due to its illegal nature and express purpose to cause serious, irrevocable bodily injury, paralysis, and death, its use both inside and outside of the gym can constitute aggravated assault.〔http://www.lbcclaw.com/article.php?news_id=112〕 Whiplash effect caused by cervical lock application has been attributed to increasing the likelihood of vertebral artery dissection,〔http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20720428〕 which may lead to stroke as long as 12 months after the injury. Cervical locks target specifically the high-cervical nerves (C1 – C4).〔http://www.spinalinjury101.org/details/levels-of-injury〕 Damaging the nerves held in these vertebre can result in quadriplegia, 24-hour-a-day personal care, and inability to speak, breath, or use bowels. Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks. A 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks, which are primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, in Australia's National Rugby League. ==Neck crank== A neck crank (sometimes also referred to as a neck lock, and technically known as a cervical lock) is a spinal lock applied to the cervical spine causing hyperextension, hyperflexion, lateral hyperflexion, hyperrotation or extension-distraction, either through bending, twisting or elongating. A neck crank is typically applied by pulling or twisting the head beyond its normal ranges of rotation. Neck cranks are usually banned from sports competitions, with notable exceptions in combat sports such as submission wrestling and mixed martial arts, where they are used as submission holds or as a guard passing technique. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「spinal lock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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